Rotary compressor



Feb, 17., i925. H. W. WISHART ROTARY CoMREssoR Filed Feb. 2. 192

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb, 17, 1925. 1,526,450

` H. W. WISHART ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Feb. 2, 1922 s sheets-sheet sgif if Y A//EOAMh//SHHRT v f f f f f 1 f 1 ROLIIW. VVISHART, OF CLINTON,IOWA, ASSIGNOR, IBY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO @LIM ENGlINEERING COMPANY, FCLINTON, IOWA, NA CORPORATXON 0F DELA- WARE.

ROTARY COMPRESSOR.

\ lApplication tiled February 2, 1922. Serial No. 583,736,

a citizen of the United States, and a resi- Vdent of the city ofClinton, in the' county of Clinton and State of lowa, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in a Rotary Compressor; and ll dohereby declaro that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being lhad tothe accompanyingdrawings, and to the numerals of reference marked thereon, which form apart of this specifica tion.

rlhis invention relates more particularly l to an improved type ofrotary compressor wherein an air cooled casing is arranged to permit agas toenter an eccentrically operated piston and dow^ into a spacebetween the piston and a stationary casing containing the piston, saidgas adapted to be compressed and then forced out of openings in sai-dcasing into a bath of lubricant contained within the casing and fromwhich the compressed gas is permitted to escape through a containerhaving separating means therein for separating the lubricant from theescaping gas.

lt is an object of this invention to provide a rotary compressor whereina cylinder is held in position by pressure means, said cylinder havingbearings mounted therein supporting a positively lubricated eccentricshaft which acts to operate a piston within the cylinder to compress agas and then discharge the compressed gas into a bath'of lubricantcontained within a casing enclosing the cylinder.

ltis also an object of the invention to construct a rotary compressorwherein a cylinder is mounted, said cylinder provided with bearings'supporting an eccentric shaft which is adapted to be driven b a driveshaft constructed to insure ositlvelubrication thereof and adapted w enoperating to cause the eccentric shaft to operate a piston within thecylinder to compress a gas and then discharge the compressed gas througha bathof lubricant out of the compressor between bae plates.

Another object of the invention is to provide a compressor with animproved drive shaft constructed to insure positive lubrication of thedrive shaftmechanisms as well as the lubrication of an eccentric shaftand bearings supported thereon in position to have a rotatablecompressor mechanism engaged on one of the bearings receive a drive fromthe eccentric shaft to 'compress a gas and discharge thesame from thecompressor.

A further object of the invention is to provide a compressor wherein thecompress-n ing mechanisms are disposed within a casing containing a bathof lubricant and are actuated by means of a drive shaft on which anexhaust fan is mounted to cause a circulation of air through a housingsurrounding the compressor casing for the purpose of cooling thecompressor.

lt is furthermore an object of the invention to provide a compressorwherein an air exhaust fan is engaged on the drive shaft for the purposeof drawing air through a housing surrounding a compressor casing, saidcasing containing a bath of lubri;

cant for the purpose of insuring positive and proper lubrication of thecompressing mechanisms, said lubricant also serving as a sealing andcooling medium for the com pressing mechanisms operating within thecasing and driven by said drive shaft. lt it a further object of thisinvention to construct a compressor having a casing containin a sealingand cooling lubricant wherein a cylinder is held in position andcontains a piston adapted to be actuated by an eccentric engaged on adrive shaft, the bearings of which are constructed to insure osit'ivelubrication thereof by lubricant iiom said casing entering the cylinderthrough a screening means. Still anotherv ob]ectv:of the invention isthe construction of a compress or wherein the operating mechanisms aresubmerged in a bath of lubricant within a casing having a largeradiating surface to permit rapid cooling thereof by means of a fan onthe compressor drive shaft which acts to induce a draft of air through ahousing surrounding the casing.

It is an important object of this invention to provide a compressorwherein an eccentrically operated piston is adapted to have contact withthe inner peripheral surface of a stationary cylinder atall times, andis provided with a blade operable in a rocker member supported in saidcylinder.

It is also an object of the invention to construct a rotary compressorwherein an eccentrically operated member within a titi cylinder has agrooved vane or blade radially secured thereto for slidable engagementwith a slotted rocker which 'is movably engaged within a recess of saidcylinder, said to provide an improved type of rotary comclosed position.

pressor adapted to compress a medium and then discharge the same througha bath of lubricanty contained within a cooled casing enclosin thecompressing mechanisms.

@ther an further 'important objects of this invention will be apparentfrom the disclosures in the wings and specifications.

rlhe invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings andhereinafter more fully described.

0n the drawings:

Figure lis an nend elevation, partly broken away, of a compressorembodying the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is -a section taken on line 3-3 of Figure I2 showing the"piston blade in Figure 4 is a similar section illustrating the pistonblade in open position and the piston atthe end of half iof itsmovement. Figure 5 is an enlarged detail section taken on line 5-5 ofFigure 3.

' The casing cover eccentric Fi re 6 is an enlarged fragmentarylongitudinal section of the drive shaft, the shaft and the drive shaftbearing.

As shown on the drawings z The improved rotary com ressor comprises anouter housing 1 provide lwith end openings 2 and 3 and having a topopening at 4. Mounted within the housing 1 is a metal casing 5 providedwith a cover or head 6 which is secured to the casingby bolts 7 or othersuitable means. The casing 5 is provided with a plurality of webs, ribsor vanes 8 which are formed on the exterior of said casing to increasethe radiating surface thereof. llntegrally formed within the casing 5 isa stop 5 to prevent rotation of the compressor cylinder hereinafterdescribed. 6 is also provided with webs, ribs or vanes 9. Formed uponthe top of the casing 6 is an internally threaded flange 10 havingthreaded therein the lower open end of a box or flue 11 having aplurality of staggered battle plates 12 therein. An outlet or dischargepipe 13 has one end thereof connected with the line 11 while the otherend is connected with any` suitable container for receiving compressedgas from the compressor. A plurality of outlet ports 14 are provided inthe top of the casing 5 aeaeaeo and connect the interior of said casingwith the interior of the due 11. 'llhe top portion of the casing 5having the ports 14: therein serves as the first baille plate.`

The casing 5 is provided with an intake passage 15 into which one end ofan inlet pipe 16 is secured to permit a gas to be compressed to enterthe compressor. lntegrally formed axially in the casing 5 is a hub orsleeve 17 the outer end of which projects through the housing opening 2.rllhe intake passage 15 communicates with the linterior of the sleeve17. A bearing 18 is disposed Within the sleeve 17 to the outside of theinner end of the intake assage 15, and is provided with a. spirallibricating groove 18a. 'l`he bearing 18 at one end is provided with anintegral liange. Axially positioned Within the casino' 5 is a driveshaft comprising an enlargedD shank 19, having integrally formed on oneend thereof a solid extension 20 and on the other or inner end a tubularextension y21. rl`he drive shaft shank 19 is provided with an exteriorlubricating groove 22 which communicates through a radial passage 23with a passage or chamber 24 provided Within the shaft shank and forminga continuation of the passage in the inner shaft extension 2l. The.drive shaft shank 19 engages in the bearing 18 with the shank shoulderseated against the flange of the bearing. The outer shaft extension20'projecting out of the casing sleeve 17 and through a washer 25vengages in the outer end of said casing sleeve. As illustrated in-Figure2, the outer drive sha-ft extension 20 is provided with a throw rib 26positioned between the bearing 18 and the washer 25. i

Keyed or otherwise rigidly secured on the projecting drive shaftextension 20 adjacent the housing opening 2 is a liy-Wheel 27 on theinner face of which a plurality of eX- haust fan blades 28 areintegrally formed. rlhe shaft 20 is adapted to be driven by a motorshaft connected with the fly-Wheel 2T by means of a flexible coupling.The motor shaft and the flexible coupling are not illustrated.

Engaged around the inner floating drive shaft extension 21 is aneccentric shaft comprising a collar or sleeve 29 having an ecvcentric 30lntegrally formed thereon interassenso porting the bearings 32 is acylinder cornprising two side plates 34 and 34a separated by a spacingring 35. Bolts 36 are used to rigidly hold the side plates secured onopposite sides of the spacing rings 35. The cylinder side plates 34 and34a and the spacer ring are respectively provided with integralextensions 37 and 38 having a. recess 39 therein. Movably seated in therecess 39 is a cylindrical rocker 40. rlhe rocker l0 is provided with adiametric cyi h'ndrical opening in which a vane or blade 41 is slidablyengaged. The inner end oil the blade il is rounded and projects into acurved recess provided in the periphery of a rotor or piston 42. rlhepiston 4t2 is ring shaped and is mounted upon the bearig 33 Within thecylinder spacer ring 35 and between the side pla-tes 34: and 34a. 'l heblade ll is axially passaged and is rigidly held seated in the pistonrecess by means oiE a bolt t3 as clearly illustrated in Figures 3 Landt. 'l`he piston d2 is provided With a port or passage de to permit amedium such as gas to tlow from the interior oit the piston into thecrescent shaped compression chamber d5 formed between the cylinder andthe piston. |l`he blade il is cut avvay at 46 to afford an outletpassage, which conirnunicates With a discharge passage el? in the spacerring extension 38.

The cylinder side plate 34a adjacent the casing cover 6 is provided witha flange ring d8 around Which one end ol a heavy coiled spring 4K9 isengaged. The outer end ot the spring i9 seats in a pocket formed in theinner side of the casing cover t5. 'lheA spring t9 acts to hold thecylinder in place pressed against a casing ring 'flange 50 integrallyformed Within the casing 5.. 'lhe cylinder is kept trein vibrating bythe action oi the spring i9 and the stop 5a with the oil @il serving` toobviate vvea-r on said `stop by the cylinder. `Seated Within the ringflange i3 ot the cylinder side plate 3d-a is a lllter screen 5l held inplace by retaining ring 52., lileterring to Figure ti a bearing ball 53is engaged Within the drive shalt shank and is held in place by a bloclr`or head 5e. A. spring 55 is disposed -withn vin the passage 2d ot thedrive shaitt shanir and has one end thereof engaged against the bloclr5d and the other end engaged around the reduced end 56 ol a tube 57. tthreaded head 58 is integrally formed on one end of the tube 57 and isthreaded into an opening provided in the cylinder side plate 3de. Alubricating passage -59 is provided longitudinally in the tube 57 andhas one end thereof communicating with a tapered or restricted orilice60 provided in a small late 6l Seated in the head 58. A thin p ate 6l ispositioned adjacent the pla-te 6l and has a very small central o en-`ing therein. A; Washer 62 anda pac ong `outlet ope ring 63 are securedin the opening of the side plate 3fta to hold the plates 6l and 61a inplace. A bath of lubricant such as oil or glycerine 64 is containedWithin the casing rllhe operation is as follows;

The compressor is operated by connecting the drive shaft 2O and thefly-wheel 27 with a motor or other suitable driving means. Rotation ofthe drive shat't l9-20-21 acts to rotate the eccentric shaft 29 and theeccentric 30 forming a part thereot'. rl`he piston 12 on the bearing 33is actuated by the eccentric which causes the piston to have acontinuous rolling Contact with the inner surface of the cylinder spacerring 35. During the operation oli the piston l2 the blade ll has asliding movement vvitlrrespect to the rocker 40. .d gas to be compressedis admitted through the inlet pipe lo and enters the compressor casingthrough the passage l5 and. passes through the grooves 3l to till thespace Within the till piston 42. llrom the piston l2 the gasV passesthrough the piston port or passage Referring to lligure 3, the eccentric3U rotates to actuate the piston d2 in a cloclrwise. direction therebygradually sliding or drawing the blade out or the rocher el@ as thepoint ot contact between the piston and the inner peripheral surface ofthe cylinder advances Twith 'the movement of the piston by the rotationoi said eccentric. The piston port ld is thus opened to permit the gaswithin the piston to start to tlorv into the crescent-shaped compressionchamber being"q "iormed on the intake side ol the piston vblade ell.,the piston moves troni the position shown igure 3, the blade ing lL- 3is i trapped within the cc u is gradually compreseer'I as the chamber ldecreases in size Wirhthe increase in site i the illing chamber ith theopening or' the blade outlet opening t6? the compressed in thecharnnression chamber ber l5 is forced through the cylinder otopening t?and discharged into the hath ot lubricant within the casing The |noi/elarrangement ol the compress mechanism causes 'the positive ejection thecompressed from the cylin` therebyI permitting 'ie compression cha i berto be completely filled with a new cha with each operation oit thepiston.

its the compressed are discharged into the casing 5, they noir with thelubricant 6dand travel upwardly therethrough into the upper portion otthe casing and escape through the outlet ports ld into the flue ll. lnpassing into the line lL'the compressed gases strike and pass betweenthe battle plates l2 thereby causing any particles ol oil carried by theescaping gases to be deposited. rllhe compressed gases otter aduallyopened. L

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passing the baille plates escape through the pipe 13 to enter a tank orother container.

During the operation of the compressor the fly-Wheel 27 is rotated,thereby causing the fan blades 28 to exhaust or draw the air through thehousing 1 around the casing 5. The vanes 8 and 9 on the casing 5-6increase the radiating surface thereof and permit the draft of airthrough the housing to cool the casing and the operating mechanismstherein. The bath of lubricant in the casing 5 also acts as a coolingmedium for the operating mechanism.

As illustrated in Figure 2, the cylinder within the casing is held inplace by the coiled spring 49 which acts to hold the cylinder in tightcontact with the casing flange 50 thus separating the compressionchamber' in casing 5 from suction gases Within the piston. rlhe cylinderis also engaged on the inner end of the casing sleeve 17. The driveshaft has the shank 19 thereof seated in the bearing 18 While the innerextension 2l of the shaft substantially ioats and has the eccentricshaft 29.-30 surrounding the same to be rotated thereby by means of theclutch teeth formed on said shank 19 and on said extension 29. To`insure positive lubrication of the rotating driving mechanisms,lubricant from the. casing is permitted to flow through the cylinderscreen 51. The screen prevents particles I of grit or foreign matterfrom entering the space between the cylinder and the screen. rlhefiltered lubricant passes through the members 63 and 62and under thedischarge pressure within the casing is forced through the smallaperture in the plate 61a and enters the restricted opening G0. Thelubricant then passes through the tube passage 59 into the passage 24around the bearing` ball 53, the block 54, the spring and the tube 57all of which are properly lubricated at all times. Lubricant from thedrive shaft passage Q4 is expelled through the shaft port 23 and passesalong the groove 22 to lubricate .the shaft shank 19 as it, operates inthe bearing 18.

The bearing ball- 53 acts to hold the shoulder of the shaft shank 19pressed tightly against the flange of the bearing 18.

Lubricant expelled from the edges of groove 22 mix with the suctiongases enterinr through the passage 15 and thus the lubricant is carriedto` all parts of the operating mechanism affording a seal preventing theleakage of gases from the compres- Lubricant from the shaft passage 24also passes out ofthe inner open end of the shaft extension 21 into thebearing chamber of the cylinder. The bearings 32 and 33 are `thusproperly lubricated at all times. The lubricant mixed With the gasesYWithin the cylinder acts asza liquid seal preventing the leakage ofgases.

1t will, of course, be understood that the cylinder 84-35-34a may b eheld in place on the sleeve 17 and against the flange 50 directly by thecasing cover plate or by other suitable means 1n place of by the spring49.

I amaware that numerous details of construction may be varied through aWide range Without departing from the principles of-.this invention, andI therefore do not purpose limiting the patent granted otherwise thannecessitated by the prior art.

l claim as my invention:

1. A rota-ry compressor comprising a casing, a cylinder therein, meanscomprising a coiled spring `for holding said cylinder in place, a rockerin said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a blade on said pistonslidably engaged in said rocker, and eccentric means for operating saidpiston to cause the compression of a medium by the compressor.

2. A compressor comprising a casing having an intake passage and outletports therein,l acylinder in said casing, a cover secured to the casingto enclose said cylindcr, for holding said cylinder secured inposition,a piston in said cylinder, a drive shaft projecting into said casing andcylinder, an eccentric member in said cylinder actuated b y said drive,shaft, bearing members between said eccentricmember and said cylinder, abearing member on said eccentric member within said piston for operatingthe piston to cause a medium entering said intake passage to becompressed between the cylinder and said piston, a slotted member seatedin said cylinder, and a blade secured to said piston and slidablyengaged With said slotted member, said slotted member having a passageto permit the compressed medium to escape from the cylinder and bedischarged through the casing outlet ports.

3. A compressor comprising a casing, a cylinder therein, a reslli'entmember for holding the cylinder in place. a stop integrally formed inthe casing for holding the cylinder against rotation, eccentricallyoperated means in said cylinder for compressa medium entering thecylinder,vand

means between the cylinder and cover' lll() drlve means for driving saideccentrically y operated means.

4. A compressor embracing a casing, a compressing device therein, andresilient means engaged between said casing and said device for holdingthe device in operating position.

A compressor comprising a casing, a cylinder secured therein, a pistonin said cylinder contacting the same at one point to form a crescentshaped chamber, a rocker seated in said cylinder, a blade bolted to saidpiston and slidablyv engaged in said rocker, an eccentric for operatingthe piston,

litt! cured in p1ace,- and a. screen in seid' support for filtering alubricant before entering the drive mechanism through said aperturedplate and the orifice in said disk.

16. The combination with a, compressor, of interfitting shafts therein,end an eccentric integral with one of said shafts adapted to be actuatedby the other shaft to cause operation of the compressor.

17. The combination with a. compressor., of a. driven shaft sectionsupporting the sa1ne,a driving shaft section interfitting the drivenshaft section and operating the seme, and a fan mounted on the drivingshaft section and driven thereby for cooling the compressor Whenoperating.

ineens@ 18. The combination with 'e compressor and a. fan for coolingthe seme, of a, flyf Wheel forming part of the fen, a. driving shaftsupporting the y-Wheel and fen, a 2Q driven shaftinteritting the drivingshaft to receive a. drive therefrom to cause operatlon of thecompressor, and means for ositively lubricating the compressor, seidriving y; shaft and the driven shaft. 535

HARLD W. WSHART.

Witnesses: y

F. E. Woons, JOSEPHINE SULLIVAN.

